Language Death versus Language Survival: A Global Perspective

Autoři:

Editoři:

V knize:

Vydavatel:

Místo vydání:

Rok vydání:

Strany: 
51-57
ISBN/ISSN: 
978-80-7368-717-5 (vyhledej v knihovnách)

Typ publikace:

Jazyk:

Klíčová slova:

Typ záznamu:

Abstrakt: 

The present-day world is marked by a significant discrepancy in the development of languages. While some languages are on a steep advance, a large number of other languages are facing rapid endangerment, in many instances resulting in death. Languages have always died off, but no historical period experienced such massive attrition. It has been estimated that approximately one half of the 6,000 languages spoken in the world today are going to disappear in the course of the 21st century. In relation to this horrifying data, it has often been argued that language extinction must be viewed as a terrible loss, and language renewal is thus beneficial and worth trying. By contrast, the discussion has also been enriched by anti-survival conceptions. Within the framework of this contextual background, the paper attempts to contribute to the growth in linguistic awareness about the problem. Drawing on the research results of such scientific fields as, for example, sociolinguistics, geolinguistics, language ecology, and linguistic anthropology, it (1) presents the global status of the world’s languages, (2) outlines the future perspective of both ‘threatened’ and ‘strong’ languages, and (3) discusses pro- and anti-survival/revitalization arguments.

Bibliografie: 

Breton, Roland. 2007. Atlas jazyků světa. Soužití v křehké rovnováze. Praha: Albatros.
Bühler, Karl. 1934. Sprachtheorie. Die Darstellungsfunktion der Sprache. Jena: Verlag von Gustav Fischer.
Comrie, Bernard, Stephen Matthews, and Maria Polinski. 2007. Atlas jazyků. Vznik a vývoj jazyků napříč celým světem. Praha: Metafora.
Crystal, David. 2000. Language Death. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Crystal, David. 2003. English as a Global Language. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Dixon, Robert. 1997. The Rise and Fall of Languages. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Duranti, Alessandro. 1997. Linguistic Anthropology. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Fishman, Joshua. 1991. Reversing Language Shift. Clevedon: Multilingual Matters.
Gordon, Raymond, ed. 2005. Ethnologue: Languages of the World. Dallas: SIL International.
Hagège, Claude. 2001. Halte á la mort des langues. Paris: Edition Odile Jakob.
Jakobson, Roman. 1960. Linguistics and Poetics. Style in Language, ed. Thomas Sebeok, 350–377. Cambridge: M.I.T. Press.
Kramsch, Claire. 1998. Language and Culture. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Léon-Portilla, Miguel. 2002. Aztécká filosofie. Praha: Argo.
Nettle, Daniel, and Suzanne Romaine. 2000. Vanishing Voices. The Extinction of the World’s Languages. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Ostler, Nicholas. 2007. Říše slova. Jazykové dějiny světa. Praha: BB/art.
Reyhner, John. 1999. Some Basics of Language Revitalization. In Revitalizing Indigenous Languages, ed. John Reyhner, V–XX. Flagstaff: Northern Arizona University.
Šatava, Leoš. 2009. Jazyk a identita etnických menšin. Možnosti zachování a revitalizace. Praha: Sociologické nakladatelství.